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This section describes commands that print user-related
information: logins, groups, and so forth.
id prints information about the given user, or
the process running it if no user is specified.
Synopsis:
id [ option ]... [ username ]
By default, it prints the real user id, real group id,
effective user id if different from the real user id, effective
group id if different from the real group id, and supplemental
group ids.
Each of these numeric values is preceded by an identifying
string and followed by the corresponding user or group name in
parentheses.
The options cause id to print only part of the
above information. Also see section Common
options.
- -g - --group - -g - --group -
Print only the group id.
-G - --groups - -G - --groups
- Print only the supplementary groups.
-n - --name - -n - --name
- Print the user or group name instead of the ID number.
Requires -u, -g, or -G.
-r - --real - -r - --real
- Print the real, instead of effective, user or group id.
Requires -u, -g, or -G.
-u - --user - -u - --user
- Print only the user id.
@flindex /etc/utmp @flindex utmp
logname prints the calling user's name, as found
in the file /etc/utmp, and exits with a status of 0. If
there is no /etc/utmp entry for the calling process, logname
prints an error message and exits with a status of 1.
The only options are --help and --version.
See section Common options.
whoami prints the user name associated with the
current effective user id. It is equivalent to the command id
-un.
The only options are --help and --version.
See section Common options.
groups prints the names of the primary and any
supplementary groups that each given username, or the
current process if none are given, is in. If user names are
given, the name of each user is printed before the list of that
user's groups.
Synopsis:
groups [ username ]...
The group lists are equivalent to the output of the command id
-Gn.
The only options are --help and --version.
See section Common options.
users prints on a single line a blank-separated
list of user names of users currently logged in to the current
host. Each user name corresponds to a login session, so if a user
has more than one login session, that user's name will appear the
same number of times in the output.
Synopsis:
users [ file ]
@flindex /etc/utmp @flindex /etc/wtmp With no file
argument, users extracts its information from the
file /etc/utmp. If a file argument is given, users
uses that file instead. A common choice is /etc/wtmp.
The only options are --help and --version.
See section Common options.
Synopsis:
who [ option ] [ file ] [ am i ]
If given no non-option arguments, who prints the
following information for each user currently logged on: login
name, terminal line, login time, and remote hostname or X
display.
@flindex /etc/utmp @flindex /etc/wtmp If given one non-option
argument, who uses that instead of /etc/utmp
as the name of the file containing the record of users logged on. /etc/wtmp
is commonly given as an argument to who to look at
who has previously logged on.
am i - who am i - If given two non-option
arguments, who prints only the entry for the user
running it (determined from its standard input), preceded by the
hostname. Traditionally, the two arguments given are am i,
as in who am i.
The program accepts the following options. Also see section Common options.
- -m - -m - Same as who am i.
-q - --count - -q - --count
- Print only the login names and the number of users
logged on. Overrides all other options.
-s - -s - Ignored; for compatibility
with other versions of who.
-i - -u - --idle - -i - -u
- --idle - After the login time, print the number
of hours and minutes that the user has been idle. .
means the user was active in last minute. old
means the user was idle for more than 24 hours.
-H - --heading - -H - --heading
- Print a line of column headings.
-w - -T - --mesg - --message
- --writable - -w - -T - --mesg
- --message - --writable - After each login
name print a character indicating the user's message
status:
+ allowing write messages
- disallowing write messages
? cannot find terminal device
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