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chapter.
cut writes to standard output selected parts of each line of each input
file, or standard input if no files are given or for a file name of -.
Synopsis:
cut [option]... [file]...
In the table which follows, the byte-list, character-list, and field-list
are one or more numbers or ranges (two numbers separated by a dash) separated by commas.
Bytes, characters, and fields are numbered from starting at 1. Incomplete ranges may be
given: -m means 1-m; n-
means n through end of line or last field.
The program accepts the following options. Also see section Common options.
- -b byte-list --bytes=byte-list -b --bytes
Print only the bytes in positions listed in byte-list. Tabs and backspaces are
treated like any other character; they take up 1 byte.
-c character-list
--characters=character-list -c --characters Print only
characters in positions listed in character-list. The same as -b
for now, but internationalization will change that. Tabs and backspaces are treated like
any other character; they take up 1 character.
-f field-list --fields=field-list -f --fields
Print only the fields listed in field-list. Fields are separated by a TAB
by default.
-d delim --delimiter=delim -d --delimiter
For -f, fields are separated by the first character in delim
(default is TAB).
-n -n Do not split multibyte characters (no-op for now).
-s --only-delimited -s --only-delimited For -f,
do not print lines that do not contain the field separator character.
paste writes to standard output lines consisting of sequentially
corresponding lines of each given file, separated by TAB. Standard input is
used for a file name of - or if no input files are given.
Synopsis:
paste [option]... [file]...
The program accepts the following options. Also see section Common options.
- -s --serial -s --serial Paste the lines of one file at a
time rather than one line from each file.
-d delim-list --delimiters
delim-list -d --delimiters Consecutively use the characters
in delim-list instead of TAB to separate merged lines. When delim-list
is exhausted, start again at its beginning.
join writes to standard output a line for each pair of input lines that
have identical join fields. Synopsis:
join [option]... file1 file2
Either file1 or file2 (but not both) can be -,
meaning standard input. file1 and file2 should be already sorted in
increasing order (not numerically) on the join fields; unless the -t option
is given, they should be sorted ignoring blanks at the start of the line, as in sort
-b.
The defaults are: the join field is the first field in each line; fields in the input
are separated by one or more blanks, with leading blanks on the line ignored; fields in
the output are separated by a space; each output line consists of the join field, the
remaining fields from file1, then the remaining fields from file2.
The program accepts the following options. Also see section Common options.
- -a file-number -a Print a line for each unpairable line in file
file-number (either 1 or 2), in addition to the
normal output.
-e string -e Replace those output fields that
are missing in the input with string.
-1 field -j1 field -1 -j1 Join on
field field (a positive integer) of file 1.
-2 field -j2 field -2 -j2 Join on
field field (a positive integer) of file 2.
-j field Equivalent to -1 field -2 field.
-o field-list... Construct each output line according to the format
in field-list. Each element in field-list consists of a file number
(either 1 or 2), a period, and a field number (a positive integer). The elements in the
list are separated by commas or blanks. Multiple field-list arguments can be
given after a single -o option; the values of all lists given with -o
are concatenated together.
-t char Use character char as the input and output field
separator.
-v file-number Print a line for each unpairable line in file file-number
(either 1 or 2), instead of the normal output.
In addition, when GNU join is invoked with exactly one argument, options --help
and --version are recognized. See section Common
options.
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